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新西兰政坛巨头联合发声：关于中国，请奉行独立外交政策！_我的网站

一 |     【编者按】Helen Clark，前工党党魁，新西兰第一位民选女总理，执政时间长达九年，后加入联合国担任开发计划署负责人。         Don Brash，前国家党党魁，新西兰任期最长的储备银行行长。         Advertise with us          位于政治光谱左右两端的两位资深政治家，于2月13日罕见的在英文《先驱报》发表联署文章，就新西兰最新外交动向发表评论。

二 |          本文为原文直译，未做内容修改；原标题为《新西兰决不能放弃我们的独立外交政策》。         ——          作者：海伦·克拉克 (Helen Clark) ，唐·布拉什 (Don Brash)          1985 年，新西兰工党政府明确表示，核武器是如此可怕，从这个词的完整含义来看，作为一个国家，我们不希望受到核武器的保护。    Hundreds of Eritrean government supporters and opponents clashed with each other and with Israeli police Saturday, leaving dozens injured in one of the most violent street confrontations among African asylum seekers and migrants in Tel Aviv in recent memory. Among those hurt were 30 police officers and three protesters hit by police fire.Eritreans from both sides faced off with construction lumber, pieces of metal, rocks and at least one axe, tearing through a neighborhood of south Tel Aviv where many asylum seekers live. Protesters smashed shop windows and police cars, and blood spatter was seen on sidewalks. One government supporter was lying in a puddle of blood in a children's playground.

     Israeli police in riot gear shot tear gas, stun grenades and live rounds while officers on horseback tried to control the protesters, who broke through barricades and hurled chunks rocks at the police. Police said officers resorted to live fire when they felt their lives were in danger.The clashes came as Eritrean government supporters marked the 30th anniversary of the current ruler's rise to power. The event was held near the Eritrean embassy in south Tel Aviv. Eritrea has one of the world's worst human rights records. Asylum seekers in Israel and elsewhere say they fear death if they were to return.

             

Police said Eritrean government supporters and opponents had received permission for separate events Saturday, and had promised to stay away from each other.                 At some point, the promises were broken, said Chaim Bublil, a Tel Aviv police commander. "A decision was made by the government opponents to break through the barriers, to clash with the police, to throw stones, to hit police officers," Bublil told reporters at the scene.He said the police had arrested 39 people and confiscated tasers, knives and clubs.The Magen David Adom rescue service said at least 114 people were hurt, including eight who were in serious condition. The others had moderate or mild injuries. Of those hurt, 30 were police officers, said Bublil.                       A spokesperson for Tel Aviv's Ichilov Hospital said it was treating 11 patients for gunshot wounds. Police said three protesters were wounded by police fire.By late Saturday afternoon, the clashes had stopped. Police were still rounding up protesters, putting them on buses.

             

Many of the anti-government protesters wore sky blue shirts designed after Eritrea's 1952 flag, a symbol of opposition to the government of the east African country, while government supporters wore purple shirts with a map of Eritrea.Eritreans make up the majority of the more than 30,000 African asylum seekers in Israel. They say they fled danger and persecution from a country known as the "North Korea of Africa" with forced lifetime military conscription in slavery-like conditions. Eritrea's government has denounced anti-government protesters as " asylum scum " who have marched against similar events in Europe and North America.President Isaias Afwerki, 77, has led Eritrea since 1993, taking power after the country won independence from Ethiopia after a long guerrilla war. There have been no elections and there's no free media. Exit visas are required for Eritreans to leave the country. Many young people are forced into military service with no end date, human rights groups and United Nations experts say.

             

In Israel, they face an uncertain future as the state has attempted to deport them. But despite the struggle to stay, in often squalid conditions, many say they enjoy some freedoms they never would have at home — like the right to protest.Eritrean asylum seekers are often "hunted and harassed" by the Eritrean government and its supporters inside Israel, said Sigal Rozen, from the Tel Aviv-based human rights organization Hotline for Refugees and Migrants.                       Events like the one held in Tel Aviv on Saturday are controversial because they raise money for the heavily sanctioned government and are used to pressure Eritreans far from home, said Elizabeth Chyrum, director of the London-based Human Rights Concern — Eritrea.                                 

In:    
• Israel
    
• Tel Aviv
    
• Eritrea
    
• Protests
    
• Politics
    
• Ethiopia
    

。结果，我们被毫不客气地（但不可避免地）从澳新美联盟（ANZUS alliance）中驱逐了出去，该联盟当时将澳大利亚、新西兰和美国的防御联在了一起。

三 |          国家党花了更长的时间才认识到，以我们退出澳新美联盟为标志的独立外交政策实际上非常符合我们的国家利益。在过去 40 年的大部分时间里，这种独立性得到了各政治派别的广泛支持。         这一政策绝不是对美国的敌对政策，而美国长期以来一直是我们最亲密的朋友之一。这种友谊可以追溯到几十年前。许多新西兰人（包括我们俩）都曾在美国生活和工作。         直到最近，我们与美国的友谊似乎与我们与中国不断发展的关系完全一致。         2012 年 12 月，美国助理国务卿库尔特·坎贝尔博士在接受《新西兰先驱报》政治编辑奥黛丽·杨采访时表示：“我们不希望各国觉得他们需要[在美国和中国之间]做选择; 我们乐见与中国和美国都有牢固关系的国家……我们不仅鼓励强有力的对话和接触，例如新西兰和中国之间的对话和接触，我们也指望着它。”          但美国的政策已经改变。从唐纳德·特朗普担任总统开始，美国开始将中国视为地缘政治对手，一只好用的替罪羊，比如，将美国巨额贸易逆差怪罪于中国。

四 | 对一系列来自中国的进口产品征收关税，并对某些美国高科技产品实施出口禁令。中国也做出了同样的回应。         过去六七年我们所看到的是哈佛大学历史学教授格雷厄姆·艾利森所说的“修昔底德陷阱”的经典例证，即主导大国受到崛起大国的挑战。         艾利森回顾过去500年，发现了16个主导大国受到崛起大国挑战的案例：其中12个案例的结果是战争。         显然，至少自1945年以来，美国一直是世界的主导力量，并且自苏联解体以来的四分之一个世纪里，美国的这一地位没有受到挑战。         同样明显的是，中国现在是崛起中的大国，其经济规模（使用经济学家首选的购买力平价汇率PPP计算）已经超过了美国。         在两国之间的任何战争都会给全世界带来灾难性后果的情况下，两国能否避免修昔底德陷阱？          新西兰与中国的关系起源较晚，尽管我们在距今半个多世纪前的1972年承认了北京政权是中国的合法政府。         2004年，新西兰成为第一个承认中国市场经济地位的发达国家；2008年，新西兰又成为第一个与中国签署高质量、全面自由贸易协定的经合组织国家，而我们迄今都未能与美国取得这一成果。         从那时起，我们与中国的贸易呈指数级增长。中国无疑是我们最大的出口市场，实际上也是我们最大的单一进口来源地。

五 | 这一贸易给新西兰带来了巨大利益 – 我们所有的主要出口行业都从进入中国市场中受益匪浅，我们都从中国获得廉价进口产品中受益。         几天前，新西兰外交部长和国防部长在与澳大利亚外长和防长进行了短短几个小时的交谈并且完全没有向新西兰公众发出警告的情况下，似乎放弃了我们的独立外交政策，转而无条件地支持美国的 “中国遏制政策”。         他们似乎表明，新西兰热衷于加入澳大利亚、英国和美国之间的奥库斯（Aukus）协议 – 该协议的目的非常明确，就是为了让中国在整体规划中保持“适当的”从属地位 – 尽管不是在该条约的核方面。         外交部长温斯顿·彼得斯（Winston Peters）和国防部长朱迪思·柯林斯（Judith Collins）本月早些时候抵达墨尔本与澳大利亚外长和国防部长会面。         他们的联合新闻声明“指出了《澳新美条约》的持久性，该条约继续支撑着两国之间的战略关系”——尽管新西兰在八十年代中期被逐出该条约。

六 |          他们承诺两国致力于“联合威慑”。“联合威慑”？ 针对谁？ 除了中国，这一词语不可能指向任何其他国家。

七 |          四位部长“讨论了奥库斯三边伙伴关系，并一致认为它为维护印太地区的和平、安全与繁荣做出了积极贡献” ——使用美国现在更喜欢的术语来指代我们过去所说的亚太地区。没有人假装认为奥库斯绝不是美国遏制中国的企图。         他们还“欢迎四国集团对开放、稳定和繁荣的印太地区的承诺”，再次指的是在美国的怂恿下建立的联盟，旨在对抗中国日益增长的影响力。         四位部长“致力于澳大利亚和新西兰深化在安全挑战方面的合作，分享信息和最佳实践，并建立集体复原力（collective resilience）”，从而将新西兰锁定在澳大利亚外交和国防政策中的“小兄弟”地位。         从表面上看，新西兰两位部长正式放弃了维持独立外交政策的任何努力，转而决定与美国一起试图减缓中国的经济崛起，并使其受到驻扎在韩国 、日本、关岛、菲律宾、巴布亚新几内亚和澳大利亚的美军的严密围堵。         总理，您必须重申新西兰的独立外交政策，明确表示我们不希望加入奥库斯或任何其他旨在与我们最大贸易伙伴为敌的联盟，或者承认我们确实已经放弃了任何维持该政策的尝试。         原文链接          注：本文为编译/原创，欢迎转发分享；但严禁复制等未经授权的非法使用。

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